Stem and Leaf Plot

http://www.mrnussbaum.com/mathdrills/graphing/stemandleaf.htm

Stem and Leaf Plots are easy ways to display data by splitting each observation into two parts; the stem and the leaf. The stems are the digits on the left side and the leafs are the digits on the right side. Stem and leaf plots are useful when finding the mean or organizing the data in order of place value. The plot above shows students scores on a science test along the grading scale. The lowest score was 56 and the highest score was 97. 

Box Plot

https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat414/node/123

A Box Plot is a graph that displays five important numbers. The maximum value, the minimum value, upper quartile, lower quartile, and the median number are all displayed. These graphs are useful in displaying outliers and seeing how the data is distributed. In the box plot above, a very wide range of data points are displayed for peoples' IQ's. The data is fairly evenly distributed with almost 50% in the middle or the upper and lower quartile at about 100. The minimum is around 67 and the maximum is over 125. 

Histogram

http://www.netmba.com/statistics/histogram/

Histograms are frequency distribution graphs that show data points that fall into certain regions. Frequency is plotted on the y-axis while the groups are plotted on the x-axis, so each bar represent the number of times something occurred. In the histogram above, the exam scores of students are shown in intervals of 10. The highest frequency score was between 40-50%. 

Parallel Coordinate Graph

http://vis.lbl.gov/Vignettes/Drosophila/index.html

Parallel Coordinate Graphs are graphs that can be used when comparing two or more variables or data sets within a graph. These graphs can measure many things at once. In the parallel coordinate graph above, cells of nine different genes are shown. Each gene is represented by one of the nine parallel axis's. The level of expression is defined by a point on each axis. 

Triangular Plot

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12520003/representing-ternary-plot-data-for-lookups

Triangular Plots are used to show the sum of the parts of three variables. The data is shown in an equilateral triangle in order to show the ratios of the three variables. In the graph above, soil composition can be determined by using the three variables. If the know the percent of sand, clay, and silt you can determine what substance you have. Also, you can use the percentages to determine what you need if you were to make something. All the percentages will add up to 100%. 

Windrose

http://www.originlab.com/index.aspx?go=Products/Origin/CustomizingGraphs&pid=1244

Windrose diagrams are used to show wind speed and wind direction over an extended period of time. The circle is usually divided into 16 slices, each representing a different direction. How far each arm extends out is dependent on the frequency that windspeed occurred. One the windrose above, the different colors represent different intervals of windspeed. In this windrose, actual windspeed data is compared to computer generated data. 

Climograph

http://www.colorado.edu/geography/extra/geogweb/bouldercreek-2/preview/page2.html

A Climograph is a representation of precipitation and temperature for a specific location over a length of time. Climographs are a quick and easy way to make a generalization about an areas climate. The climograph above is from Boulder, Colorado. Precipitation is represented by a bar graph and temperature is represented by a line graph. According to the graph, May was the wettest month and July was the hottest.